Thursday, August 27, 2020

Attachment in the United States and Amae in Japan Essay

Culture empowers individuals to conform to their physical just as social condition. Culture empowers the citizenry to create methods of adapting to the exigencies of nature just as methods of bridling their condition. Individuals likewise need to figure out how to relate themselves with others so as to endure. As Schwartz (1998:48) called attention to, the way of life of any general public speaks to an adjustment or acclimation to the different states of life, including their physical, social, and heavenly condition. No culture is totally static. Each culture is in consistent motion; and the progressions speak to acclimations to nature. Culture changes at various rates. The progressions happen because of revelations, innovations, and social getting. In certain regions, control of the regular habitat has been sought after to a point that the general public has gotten jeopardized. Characteristic assets, for example, waterways, woodlands, plant and creature life and minerals, have been abused to the point that the earth is near devastation. The acknowledgment of progress relies upon the introduction of the citizenry to new thoughts and ways unique in relation to their own and their chance to acknowledge thoughts and routes through dissemination. US and Japan are having a place with various mainlands, areas and have distinctive arrangement of individuals; be that as it may, these two nations have similitudes somehow or another. Its kin adjust and practice various societies. Its way of life shapes the practices and qualities of its kin that will make them observable that these gatherings of individuals are originated from United States and Japan. Proposition Statement: This investigation will lead a multifaceted brain science examination of Attachment in the United States and Amae in Japan; therefore, depicts its capacities, similitudes and contrasts. II. Conversation A. Its way of life, similitudes and contrasts o United States There are a great deal of gatherings of individuals that dwell in United States; whites made up 83. 2 percent of the populaces; blacks 11. 7 percent; American Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts 0. 6 percent; Asian and Pacific Islanders 1. 5 percent; and different nonwhites 3. 0 percent. The nonwhite bunches are moved in different pieces of the nation. Opportunity in issues of instruction and the privilege of each youngster to have training are fundamental standards in the United States. In contrast to numerous different countries, the United States doesn't have a focal or government arrangement of training, Establishing and controlling government funded schools is one of the forces practiced by each state (Fritsch, 2001). The state, thusly, designates quite a bit of this obligation to nearby school locale. Proficiency in the United States is high simply like in Japan. In contrast with Japan (which just has two significant religions), no other nation on the planet has a more noteworthy assortment of religions, fellowships, categories, and organizations than the United States. In excess of 220 strict bodies report enrollment figures. About all parts of Christianity and practically all Protestant categories are spoken to. Japan and United States has similar perspectives with regards to religion (Katzman, 2003). The United States likewise accept that strict opportunity and partition of chapel and state ought to be made. Government can't meddle with religion or show inclination for one religion over another. It can't set up an authority, or set up, chapel, nor offer help to any religion or to all religions. In the beginning of the republic, United States craftsmen and essayists were for the most part viewed as second rate compared to those in Europe. Be the finish of the nineteenth century, be that as it may, an autonomous national writing of high caliber had been built up by prestigious journalists (O’Neill, 2004). Music in the United States was emphatically impacted by European music, and study in Europe was viewed as an important piece of melodic preparing far into the twentieth century. America’s most powerful commitment to music was jazz, a structure started by blacks and dependent on African rhythms. The melodic which advanced from vaudeville and operetta, was another American development. For a long time, modelers in the United States essentially adjusted European styles to American atmosphere, scene, and materials. The ideal financial position and measure of relaxation appreciated by the individuals of the United States give them bizarre open doors for amusement. Paid excursions turned into the standard for generally modern and office laborers. The most well known open air onlooker sports are football and baseball. Pony hustling and car dashing have enormous followings (Kurelek, 2005). o Japan The Japanese individuals are to a great extent of Mongoloid stock, however little is thought about their particular beginning. Progressive gatherings of moving Asians from the terrain are accepted to have chosen the islands some time before 300 A. D. Defying them were the islands’ most punctual known inhabitants†the Ainus, a Japanese people have created from the blending of these distinctive ethnic gatherings. Just two or three hundred full-blooded Ainus stay, on Hokkaido. Japanese culture is mostly of Chinese starting point and incompletely indigenous, for the Japanese adjusted and didn't only mimic the way of life of the territory. Since the center of the nineteenth century, Japan has been affected more by the way of life of Western nations than by that of its neighbors (Morton, 2004). Appropriation of numerous Western ways delivered sharp differences between the new and the old. Structures and garments, for instance, are presently observed in both customary and Western styles. Among powers that have assisted with embellishment the Japanese character are Buddhist, Shinto, and Confucian strict convictions, the impacts of a long medieval period, and the impacts of the Japanese mechanical upheaval. With industrialization came a change from country to urban living. American impacts have been especially solid since World War II (Smith, 2005). In addition, its craft has been emphatically affected too by Chinese workmanship. From the terrain came the strategy of ink painting on silk and the Buddhist impacts in model and painting. Prospering all through Japan are no, old style plays in which the entertainers wear covers delineating their character; bunraku, manikin plays; and kabuki, show with adapted reciting and moving. A significant piece of Japanese culture is the tea service, a profoundly formal custom, of which there are numerous varieties. As a method of engaging visitors, it is viewed as the best articulation of conventional behavior. A portion of the customary artsâ€especially old style Japanese music and move and the tea ceremonyâ€are part of the collection of geisha, female performers who perform for gatherings of men. Also, the family is a customary and solid foundation in Japan. It has a proper structure with power vested in the male leader of the family. The spouse is required to be docile. Youngsters learn discipline and their individual jobs in the family at an early age. Children are given inclination over little girls, and the oldest child is better than all others (Elkin, 2004). Nonetheless, a significant number of the more severe parts of the family, for example, that of guardians deciding relationships, have debilitated since World War II. Japanese homes are noted for their effortlessness. About all are worked of wood. In numerous homes, paper-secured wooden edges, called shoji, are utilized for windows and entryways. Being light and effortlessly moved, they permit a great part of the house to be opened to the out-of-entryways. A few homes are appended via finished nurseries. Rooms ordinarily have thick tangles, called tatami, on the floor and next to no furnishings (Elkin, 2004). With respect to Japanese language and religion, the Japanese language is random to other Oriental tongues. Be that as it may, it is written in characters that initially adjusted from Chinese composition. Moreover, as in the United States, the Japanese constitution accommodates opportunity of religion and partition of chapel and state. The two significant religions are Shinto and Buddhism. Numerous Japanese follow, in changing degrees, to both. With respect to their training, six years rudimentary instruction and three of lower optional school are free and mandatory for kids 6 to 15 years old. At the three-year upper auxiliary schools, educational cost is charged. Instruction in Japan is profoundly serious, and admission to upper optional school and to school is controlled by thorough selection test. Accordingly, numerous Japanese youngsters spend their after-school hours going to jukas, â€Å"cram† schools that work in getting ready understudies for placement tests and other school tests. Japan has for all intents and purposes no lack of education (Christopher, 2003). III. Taking everything into account, as I study the two distinct societies, I have understood that United States and Japan have a few likenesses with regards to their birthplace. Japan was most impacted by the Westerners and its starting point was contributed by different indigenous gatherings as is with United States. Everything that we can see from the Japanese and American culture are as of now been changed by different impacts. In any case, despite the solid adjustment of various culture, Japanese remained their being family-arranged. They esteem the substance of having a unified family; in this way, a very much organized family job is framed with the goal that every part can have its capacity. Not at all like with the United States, it is particularly affected by the European pioneers and based their abilities in European nations. Its way of life is increasingly centered around its advancement to the degree that inner abilities are endured. I would state that Japanese culture is amazing contrasted with United States since Japan can keep up their customary courses regardless of financial turn of events. Reference: 1. Fritsch, A. J. (2001). The Ethnic Atlas of the United States (Facts on File). 2. Katzman, D. M. (2003). Plain Folks: the Life Stories of Undistinguished Americans (University of Illinois). 3. O’Neill, Thomas. (2003). Byways America: a Portfolio of Her People (National G

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Fundamental Role of the Nurses in the Health-Samples for Students

Question: Talk about the Fundamental job of the medical caretakers in the medicinal services. Answer: Presentation: The key job of the medical caretakers in the medicinal services is to convey the quality social insurance. The job of expert social insurance is to be answerable for the consideration arrangement and to control the patients and their families about the human services and advances wellbeing and health around the world. Greatness care that will be given to the patient can be as patient satisfaction, security, and consolation (Knutsson, Lundvall and Lindberg, 2017). The quality consideration basics comprise; accommodation, supportiveness, reasonableness, equity, and capability. The great relational abilities and collaboration aptitudes assume an extremely huge job in the nursing practice of giving the quality consideration to the people. The administrations that are given by the medical attendants are to be skillful significant and proposed for achieving the conceivable objective. Nursing care in future: The picture mirrors the nursing as a craftsmanship to deal with the patients and contributes toward the prosperity of the patient while building a solid relationship among the both. The picture additionally speaks to the mindful as the science that includes the mindful, human science perspective to singular caring methods, encounters, and wonders. Caring Science involves humanities and expressions alongside the science. Nursing science perspective is abandoned in a social philosophy of being-in-connection, and a humankind perspective on concordance and connectedness (Knutsson, Lundvall and Lindberg, 2017). The nursing care brings about a sympathetic methodology, affectability, encounters, and mindfulness among the patients. A functioning correspondence through the caring is to give the data which decreases the tension and results in penetrating down to the hindrances. The development in the nature of the consideration significantly relies upon the medical caretaker's information. Dyn amic and critical thinking are considered as noteworthy capacities in the job of nursing. Theory of expert mindful Mindful as an attendant impacts to work for the network prosperity, through initiative and relational abilities settling the network medical problems and to give the lawful and moral nursing administrations to the people (Hayden, 2011). The individual focused methodology in the nursing significantly centers around the individual wants and objectives in order to turn into the focal point of the nursing and care forms. Toward the start of the calling, my way of thinking of the expert caring depends on the individual focused and to serve the underserved network. This is significant on the grounds that a great deal of spotlight and consideration is required on the need reason for such network of the disadvantageous patients (Hayden, 2011). Being a nursing proficient, a proactive activity is taken to improve the strength of the underserved populaces. Greater part of the undeserved populace dwells in the provincial territories, there need getting to human services on account of the low pay and neediness. Serving the network that is oppressed go about as a sacrosanct crucial the nursing experts (Hayden, 2011). I accept that such an expert caring gives a chance to address all the obstructions that forestall getting to the medicinal services benefits by the talked about people. This go about as genuine difficulties for the mindful experts in order to utilize extraordinary information, and find new plans to encourage further examinations. Being a nursing proficient recognized emphatically follows the Watson hypothesis caritas procedures of; Sustaining humanistic; trusting-caring connection; articulation of negative and positive emotions; innovatively settling the issues; continue such estimations of mankind that incorporates empathy, love and benevolence; making a domain that mends at all the levels; connecting through educating with regards to conveying connections and extending structure of wellbeing and health (Hayden, 2011). The principles of practices imply that being a medical attendant, I will advance a domain where the human rights, customs, qualities and profound accepts of the network, people and the families are regarded. Being a medical caretaker it my obligation to guarantee that a precise, ideal and adequate data is gotten by a person in a suitable manner (Hayden, 2011). Endeavors to keep up and cultivate a culture practice to advance the moral conduct and open exchange (Pang-White, 2011). Being a medical attendant will keep up the gauges of the individual lead which in an agreat route thinks about the calling and upgrades the open certainty. Giving consideration through the nursing calling is to guarantee utilizing the cutting edge innovation and science that is perfect with the nobility, wellbeing and the privileges of the people (Pang-White, 2011). Being a wellbeing expert will take quality choices dependent on the clinical encounters alongside the important research that is accessible identified with the subject for giving the best social insurance administrations to the patients (Pang-White, 2011). Being a nursing proficient the aftereffects of the proof based practice in addressing and to evaluate investigate identified with the clinical rules or the other educational assets dependent on the discoveries one can apply the outcomes to the mindful practices. As the expert will decides and actualize the satisfactory gauges of the clinical nursing rehearses, research, the board, and instruction (Pang-White, 2011). Being a social insurance proficient it is required to work inside the aggregate structure of concerned connections; medication; grasping remedial expressions, cherishing procedures, and practices; the sacrosanct components of worry, as it were, (Martin, 2015). Therefore, nursing is on the bad tempered of potential outcomes, among worldwide perspectives, standards, hundreds of years and ages; required and welcome to build winning legacy and most sizzling development in innovation and science; in any case, to outperform itself for the postmodern possibility is as of recently to be known (Martin, 2015). However, the eventual fate of the nursings holds guarantees of recuperating and caring uncertainty model still to unfurl as an opportunity for contributing sympathetic caritas fix envision at the framework, cultural, individual worldwide and national levels for character, work, and the more extensive worldwide network. The moral and legitimate component of nursing is to assembled polices and direction, thus to keep up and gives the most extreme greatness care (Morrow, 2014). Nursing care endeavors proficiently the restorative relationship among the patients for advancing the solid living way of life. Nursing care is to be mindful and responsible for the activities identified with the consideration. Medicinal services experts are trying to utilize in steady learning for improving the aptitudes and information so as to convey the quality consideration to the people. Being in the calling of nursing will show getting, responsibility, and viable method of conveying heath care to the people (Morrow, 2014). End: Being a medical attendant I will make an essential commitment in showing the people and in this way diminishing the danger of sickness. As per me the relationship that is worked between the patient and the nursing experts brings about ensuring the patients self-rule, solace, and pride (Morrow, 2014). The mindful idea according to my own perspectives is a relational procedure that is separated by the abilities, proficient information, development, and medical caretakers relational affectability, that bring about the enthusiastic help, assurance and the gathering the social or bio-psycho wants of patients. The nursing may impact in an extraordinary manner in future as the calling results to ensure the nobility, solace, and self-governance of the patients. References Hayden, S. (2011). Book Review: Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of CaringNursing: The Philosophy and Science of Caring (Rev. ed.) by WatsonJ. (Stone, CO: University of Colorado Press, 2008).Nursing Science Quarterly, 24(3), pp.290-292. Knutsson, S., Lundvall, M. what's more, Lindberg, E. (2017). Taking an interest in reflection courses: Progressing towards a more profound comprehension of caring science depicted by nursing students.Nordic Journal of Nursing Research, p.205715851772183. Martin, M. (2015). Minding in Nursing Professional Development.Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 31(5), pp.271-277. Morrow, M. (2014). Caring Science, Mindful Practice.Nursing Science Quarterly, 27(3), pp.263-264. Ache White, A. (2011). Minding in Confucian Philosophy.Philosophy Compass, 6(6), pp.374-384.

buy custom William Shawcross essay

purchase custom William Shawcross article This Book Report is about Allies by William Shawcross distributed by Publicaffairs distributed on January 6, 2004 in New York. In March 2003 the United States, England, and their alliance partners took gigantic risks in assaulting Iraq. They imperiled one of the most flourishing alliances ever. They risked both the United Nations and themselves. Furthermore, they periled shaping another swamp in which psychological oppressors could raise and succeed. Partners by William Shawcross is an examination of the dangers taken in Iraq, the thought process in them and the manners by which the encounter presented by Iraq was not quite the same as anything looked by the post-war Western accord. Maybe for that reason, the decision to do battle in Iraq imperiled, and to some level despite everything threatens, to wreck that agreement. William Shawcross, an outstanding remote essayist with an unmatched perspective on worldwide affiliations, shows why the United States needed to take the way; why Britain-and numerous different nations sought after; and why Franco-German creation and obstruction must be forgotten about. Without reducingthe authenticity of the proceeding with dangers or dismissing that bumbles were made along this generally precarious of excursions, Shawcross questions intensely that doing battle in Iraq was the right activity. William Shawcross first came to popularity with Sideshow, a humming reprimand of Henry Kissinger and Richard Nixon's measures in Cambodia. This time he energetically bolsters the military activities of the United States organization as it assaults Iraq and topples the administration of Saddam Hussein. Preventive war isn't the strange methodology that some of George W. Shrub's spoilers may propose yet rather a basic arrangement in managing dangerous tyrants. Shawcross stomps on smoothly on the contention over the truth of WMD (weapons of mass obliteration) and the on edge setting of post-Saddam Iraq while telling finally the human rights offenses submitted by Saddam Hussain and his children Qusay and Uday to mention that that the war was essential. France and Germany are given here a role as thankless sharks for their enmity to Bush. Jacques Chirac, specifically, is forced to bear a lot of antagonistic vibe by Shawcross who neverr lets pass a chance to specify epithets like The Crook or Super Menteur to delineate the leader of France. Abnormally, given the book's title and spread photo of United States President Bush and British Prime Minister Tony Blair, there is slight inside data on the bond between the two men and the American and British chiefs that hasn't been all around recorded in ordinary news channels announcing of the war. This irrelevance broadens to the remainder of Allies also. I wanted for some earth shattering assessment or radical examination however Shawcross every now and again just presents his view: that Saddam was slippery, the Americans were right to kill him, and that the UN and quite a bit of Europe were inaccurate to question. Another issue with Allies is the means by which liquid the condition in Iraq was as the book went to press. As a result, Shawcross' assessment runs the chance of being out of date and unseemly inside a decently brief timeframe. Partners is a quick perused and Shawcross is a generally excellent author yet one wants that he could have given greater significance to such an unpredictable circumstance. Purchase custom William Shawcross paper

Friday, August 21, 2020

Training Module Free Essays

The preparation material is produced for the delicate abilities preparing during New Employee Orientation in any association. New representative direction programs give new workers the fundamental preparing and data they have to assist them with mixing with and work in the new association. The accompanying system is planned as a three-day acceptance program directed by an outsider association for an association in which the new workers have been enrolled. We will compose a custom paper test on Preparing Module or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Reference section 1. 1 Objectives of Training Develop singular abilities Enhance skill of workers Assured profession movement Section 2 Topics of Training Appendix 2. 1 Safety Training Importance of Safety System of the Organization Appendix 2. 2 Business Communications Communication model, Barriers to correspondence Body Language Activities : E-mail composing, Official reports, phone decorums, video conterencing Appendix 2. 3 Team Building Importance of group Organization structure Activities and Games Appendix 2. 4 Professional Ethics Basic Professional Ethics Appendix 2. 5 Attitudinal Development Personalities and Attitudes Johari Window Appendix 2. 6 Leadership Skills and Motivation Needs, thought processes and inspiration Styles of Leadership Activity and Games Appendix 2. 7 Time and Stress the executives Importance of Time the board in association Stress Management for experts Appendix 2. 8 Decision Making Activity and models of dynamic Section 3 Pre-essentials Appendix 3. 1 Participants Names and subtleties of members ought to be given by the association. Most extreme number of members ought not surpass 25. Informative supplement 3. 2 Infrastructure and offices Conference lobby, Projector, Interactive sheets, PC and other foundation ought to be made accessible as per number of members. Reference section 3. 3 Training material and gifts Preparation, printing and circulation of presents and material of preparing and exercises as required. Informative supplement 3. 4 Stationery Writing material, notebooks for members to be organized and given. Supplement 3. 5 Arrangement for food and refreshments The association will deal with game plan of food and refreshments of members Appendix 3. 6 Feedback structures Feedback is basic for both the mentors and the association. An all around defined criticism structure will be utilized for reaction of members Appendix 3. 7 Evaluation structures Based upon the support and execution of the members they will be assessed. This assessment would stand significant for the association. Step by step instructions to refer to Training Module, Papers

International public law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global open law - Essay Example As per† Michael P. Scharf â€Å"(1995), for over five centuries, governments have selected general locale over theft on the high seas2. This examination article will make an endeavor how all inclusive locale can be applied by the robbery influenced States in securing and condemning the privateers in spite of their laws may hinder the equivalent. Generally, courts far and wide have banked upon all inclusive ward (hereinafter will be alluded as UJ) which is being utilized to protect procedures against assumed culprits of wrongdoings on universal ocean waters. The tenet of UJ clarifies that a nation can start legitimate activity to arraign offenses to which it has no connection or association by any means the purview will be footed upon absolutely on the phenomenal boorishness of the said lead. According to UJ, any nation can start legitimate activity for general offenses, not thinking about at all the protest of the people in question and defendants’ home countries. Nonetheless, there is no all inclusive classified meaning of UJ, the thought, it has been implied, permits countries under universal law to start lawful activity on certain offenses that are carried out in outside countries, disregarding any connection with wrongdoing and without any nexus gave by different grounds of prescriptive purview recognized by globa l law. An attestation of UJ can usher struggle and perhaps make threatening vibe among countries since it very well may be accepted as an infringement on the sovereign authority of the country that has customary privilege or ward over the offense3. For a large number of years, UJ was made relevant to just to robbery offenses. Advocates of UJ have attempted to build up its legitimateness by summoning robbery as a point of reference, motivation and justification4. According to Randall, under UJ, any state is reserving the privilege to rebuff a guilty party

Friday, July 3, 2020

Ross Correspondent Everything New At Ross This Fall -

Ross Correspondent: Everything New At Ross This Fall by: Johanne Vincent on September 18, 2018 | 0 Comments Comments 265 Views September 18, 2018The Wintergarden at the Ross School of Business. Courtesy photoWalking into 701 Tappan Street, Ann Arbor on September 4th, one is hit with a wall of sound. There are students in suits with their resumà ©s in hand, talking on phones, and working animatedly over open computers. The overall impression is that this is a place where important things are happening. Well, this impression isn’t entirely wrong. The start of a new semester at the Stephen M. Ross School of Business means everything is unfolding at once. For the students, clubs and organizations are starting their yearly activities, fall recruitment is kicking off, and it’s time to get adjusted to new classes and schedules. At the same time, the faculty and staff begin implementing new programs, initiatives, and classes.The start of the new school year can be hectic and stress-inducing but with both new and old opportunities available, Ross students are finding a lot of things to be excited about.Claire Haas. Courtesy photoNEW CURRICULAR CHANGES, INCLUDING A BUSINESS SIMULATIONRoss BBA student and freshman Claire Haas says it is the educational opportunities that have her the most excited about the new school year. â€Å"I’m really excited to get into the swing of things with my new classes,† she says. â€Å"In high school we couldn’t really choose what we wanted to learn and I’m glad I finally get to.† Haas, who is interested in sustainability and the environment, is taking classes outside of the business school in environmental studies in order to supplement her introductory business courses. â€Å"Combined with BA 100, I’m hoping that my coursework this year will make me more sure of what I want to do after college, she says.BA 100, or Business Administration 100, is a freshman course at Ross that i ntroduces first year students to fundamental business principles. This class also represents the some of the curriculum changes that Ross is implementing across several courses. An entirely new program structure implemented at the beginning of the Fall 2018 semester allows students to participate in a business simulation, learn essential skills, while also exploring what University of Michigan has to offer. Freshman Jonah Matthews says, â€Å"It’s a really cool class because things like going to a sporting event are built into the curriculum so it’s like they are kind of forcing us to get out and have fun.† This, combined with other new initiatives makes the start of the school year something to look forward to.Jonah Matthews. Courtesy photoINNOVATIVE CLUBS IN FASHION, SPORTS, AND IMPACT INVESTINGA new school year also means opportunities to join the myriad clubs that Ross has to offer. Ranging from consulting and fashion to social impact and investing, it seems as if every room in the Ross building at the beginning of the semester is booked for an informational club meeting. This also means it’s time for newer organizations to start up or continue to develop. Clubs like The Michigan Fashion Media Summit, Arbor ESports, and Impact Investing are using this time to grow and bring in new members. Students seem to be taking advantage of the first few weeks to get involved in these organizations. â€Å"I really want to get more involved in the clubs at Ross,† says sophomore Harriet Marshallsay. â€Å"There are a lot of clubs for advertising and marketing, which is what I’m interested in, so I’ll definitely be going to those mass meetings.Harriet Marshallsay. Courtesy photoENJOYING THE PERKS OF A LARGE PUBLIC UNIVERSITYDespite all of the new clubs, some students are also using the beginning of the school year as a chance to acclimate to their new college environment. BBA ‘22 Adam Bazzi says, â€Å"I think Iâ⠂¬â„¢m sticking to one club this semester. It’s really cool that their are so many to choose from, but I want to get settled in my academics before adding anything more on my plate. Either way, I’m excited about getting involved.† But whether they decide to explore many opportunities or stick to one option, Ross students are gearing up to get involved this fall.With a mix of new classes, clubs, and more, the theme of the beginning of the school year is â€Å"hectic. But while Ross students are busier than ever, they are still enjoying the fun that comes with the start of school. â€Å"While I am focusing on school and extracurriculars, I still want to enjoy everything that comes with being a Michigan student† says Marshallsay. â€Å"I’ve been loving going to football games and catching up with my friends I haven’t seen all summer. Getting to do all those fun things alongside my academics is one of my favorite things about UMich.Adam Bazzi. Courtesy photoDONT MISS: FINANCING YOUR UNDERGRADUATE BUSINESS DEGREE or ROSSS TOUGHEST CLASSES or HOW ROSS ADMISSIONS GETS TO KNOW APPLICANTS Page 1 of 11

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Incarceration Of The United States - 3014 Words

The United States of America is phrased by many, as being â€Å"the land of the free.† Yet, the Unites States currently has the highest per capita prison population than any other country. The United States makes up only 5% of the world’s population and of that 5%, 25% of our overall nation’s population is currently incarcerated. A few factors that attribute to our high rates of incarceration include, sentencing laws: such as mandatory- minimum sentencing, lack of initial deterrence from crime, the war on drugs and the presence of recidivism. With our ever growing incarceration rates and the cost of housing individual offenders averaging $22,000 a criminal justice agenda. Recidivism refers to a person s relapse into criminal behavior resulting in rearrests, reconviction or return to prison with or without a new sentence during a three-year period following the prisoner s release (National Institute of Justice.) Many programs have been implemented in our prison s ystem to help reduce the recidivism rates. Programs such as educational/ vocational programming, reentry programs, substance abuse programs and subsidized employment are among many programs in which have been proven effective. Yet, due to costs deficits, the clock is ticking to find evidence based programs to invest in. So, the question currently being sought after is, which method is most effective in reducing recidivism rates? In the United States the justice system and prison system play various, but overallShow MoreRelatedThe Incarceration Of The United States1519 Words   |  7 Pagesin recent decades, violent crimes in the United States of America have been on a steady decline, however, the number of people in the United States under some form of correctional control is reaching towering heights and reaching record proportions. In the last thirty years, the incarceration rates in the United States has skyrocketed; the numbers roughly quadrupled from around five hundred thousand to more than 2 million people. (NAACP)In a speech on criminal justice at Columbia University, HillaryRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States980 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever questioned about the justice in the United States? Stevenson states that, â€Å"Today we have the highest rate of incarceration in the world. The prison population has increased from 300,000 people in the early 1970s to 2.3 million people t oday† (15). United States is a modern country that doesn’t serve justice to her citizen? 2.3 million prisoners are just embarrassing the whole country. You might want to know how bad the justice system is and how the heck cause 2.3 million prisoners toRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States Essay2335 Words   |  10 PagesEven though the United States makes up just 5% of the world’s population, it houses 25% of the world’s prison population† (Walmsley, 2009). The United States prides itself in being a worldwide leader in just about every category; however, being the world leader in incarceration rights might not be something the United States would be proud about. Incarceration rates in the United States have grown at alarming rates in the past forty years specifically and it has resulted in major overcrowding issuesRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States979 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever question about the justice in the United Sta tes? Stevenson states that, â€Å"Today we have the highest rate of incarceration in the world. The prison population has increased from 300,000 people in the early 1970s to 2.3 million people today† (15). Is United States is a modern country that doesn’t serve justice to her citizen? 2.3 million of prisoners are just embarrassing the whole country. You might want to know how bad the justice system is and how the heck cause 2.3 million prisonersRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States1113 Words   |  5 Pages The United States of America has more people incarcerated than any other country on earth, a whopping 2,220,300 adults are currently locked behind bars. We have 500,000 more citizens locked up than China, a country 5 times our population run by an authoritarian government. From 1990 - 2000 the prison population increased by 1,000,000. The main reason for incarceration as a punishment in this country is rehabilitation, or so we have been told. In recent years an industry has developed that revolvesRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States1044 Words   |  5 PagesOverview The United States has the highest prison population in the world, with over two million incarcerated (World Prison Brief, 2016), of whom many are juveniles. It is well documented that youths who enter this system are more likely to suffer a host of negative health and lifestyle outcomes, such as alcohol/drug abuse, high school dropout, and mental health problems. Such phenomena occur in stark contrast with the aims of the US juvenile justice system, which supposedly intends to help offendingRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States1957 Words   |  8 Pages Incarceration has been a pending issue amongst western civilization’s history for some time and today continues to raise a wide range of important questions. Incarceration of individuals have become a tremendous tax payer concern along with the incarceration of the drug war, convictions of street gangs, and the rest of the individuals who have broken the law and harmed other innocent individuals. However, the question is always a concern of men incarceration and hardly addressed of women beingRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States2529 Words   |  11 PagesSince 2002, The United States has had the highest incarceration rate in the world, and many of those imprisoned within the U.S. will be released and rearrested within three years (Langan Levin, 2002). Unfortunately, research has been mixed shown that the time spent in prison does not successfully rehabilitate most inmates, and the majority of criminals return to a life of crime almost immediately. Most experts be lieve that many prisoners will learn more and better ways to commit crimes while theyRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States1745 Words   |  7 PagesThere are over two million people in the United States behind bars. Incarceration in the US is one of the main forms of punishment that leads nothing after for people when getting out. Every state, city, country, all have laws we citizens obey and go by to do best for our country, but what happens someone violates the law? According to Google’s definition of a felony, it says that felony means, â€Å"a crime, typically one involving violence, regarded as more serious than a misdemeanor, and usually punishableRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States1774 Words   |  8 PagesCurrently the United States holds the leading position for having the largest prison population in the world. Considering this, the cost of re-incarcerating offenders after their release remains notably high to U.S Americans and our society. Recidivi sm is known as the reimprisonment of an individual that is released from prison but then later returns for being convicted of a new crime. However, there is essential data that proves the drastic reduction in recidivism through academic and vocational

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Why the Illinois v. Wardlow Case Still Matters Today

Illinois v. Wardlow is not a Supreme Court case that most Americans know well enough to cite by name, but the ruling has made a serious impact on policing. It gave authorities in high-crime neighborhoods the green light to stop people for behaving suspiciously. The high court’s decision has not only been linked to a rising number of stop-and-frisks but to high-profile police killings as well. It has also been held responsible for creating more inequities in the criminal justice system. Does the 2000 Supreme Court decision deserve the blame? With this review of Illinois v. Wardlow, get the facts about  the case and its consequences today. Fast Facts: Illinois v. Wardlow Case Argued: November 2, 1999Decision Issued:  January 12, 2000Petitioner: State of IllinoisRespondent: Sam WardlowKey Questions: Does a suspect’s sudden and unprovoked flight from identifiable police officers patrolling a known high-crime area justify the officers stopping that person, or does it violate the Fourth Amendment?Majority Decision: Justices Rehnquist, OConnor, Kennedy, Scalia, and ThomasDissenting: Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsberg, and BreyerRuling: The officer was justified in suspecting that the accused was involved in criminal activity and, therefore, in investigating further. There was no violation of the Fourth Amendment. Should Police Have Stopped Sam Wardlow? On Sept. 9, 1995, two Chicago police officers were driving through a Westside neighborhood known for drug trafficking when they spotted William â€Å"Sam† Wardlow. He stood beside a building with  a bag in hand. But when Wardlow noticed the police driving through, he broke into a sprint. After a brief chase, the officers cornered Wardlow and frisked him. During the search, they found a loaded .38-caliber handgun. They then arrested Wardlow, who argued in court that the gun shouldn’t have been entered into evidence because the police lacked a reason to stop him. An Illinois trial court disagreed, convicting him of â€Å"unlawful use of a weapon by a felon.† The Illinois Appellate Court reversed the lower court’s decision, asserting that the arresting officer didn’t have cause to stop and frisk Wardlow. The Illinois Supreme Court ruled along similar lines, arguing that Wardlow’s stop violated the Fourth Amendment. Unfortunately for Wardlow, the U.S. Supreme Court, in a 5-4 decision, reached a different conclusion. It found: â€Å"It was not merely respondent’s presence in an area of heavy narcotics trafficking that aroused the officers’ suspicion but his unprovoked flight upon noticing the police. Our cases have also recognized that nervous, evasive behavior is a pertinent factor in determining reasonable suspicion. ...Headlong flight—wherever it occurs—is the consummate act of evasion: it is not necessarily indicative of wrongdoing, but it is certainly suggestive of such.† According to the court, the arresting officer hadn’t misstepped by detaining Wardlow because officers must make commonsense judgments to decide if someone is behaving suspiciously. The court said that its interpretation of the law did not contradict other rulings giving people the right to ignore police  officers and go about their business when approached by them. But Wardlow, the court said, had done the opposite of going about his business by running away. Not everyone in the legal community agrees with this take. Criticism of Wardlow U.S. Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens, now retired, wrote the dissent in Illinois v. Wardlow. He broke down the possible reasons people might run when encountering police officers. â€Å"Among some citizens, particularly minorities and those residing in high crime areas, there is also the possibility that the fleeing person is entirely innocent, but, with or without justification, believes that contact with the police can itself be dangerous, apart from any criminal activity associated with the officer’s sudden presence.† African Americans, in particular, have discussed their distrust and fear of law enforcement for years. Some would even go so far to say that they have developed PTSD-like symptoms because of their experiences with police. For these individuals, running from the authorities is likely instinct rather than a signal that they’ve committed a crime. Additionally, former police chief and government official Chuck Drago pointed out to Business Insider how Illinois v. Wardlow affects the public differently based on income level. â€Å"If the police are driving down a middle-class neighborhood, and the officer sees someone turn and run into their house, that’s not enough to follow them,† he said. â€Å"If he’s in a high-crime area though, there may be enough for reasonable suspicion. It’s the area he’s in, and those areas tend to be to impoverished and African American and Hispanic.† Poor black and Latino neighborhoods already have a greater police presence than white suburban areas. Authorizing police to detain anyone who runs from them in these areas increases the odds that residents will be racially profiled and arrested. Those familiar with Freddie Gray, the Baltimore man who died in police custody in 2015 after a â€Å"rough ride,† argue that Wardlow played a role in his death. Officers apprehended Gray only after he â€Å"fled unprovoked upon noticing police presence.† They found a switchblade on him and arrested him. However,  if the authorities had been prohibited from pursuing Gray simply because he fled from them in a high-crime neighborhood, he may very well still be alive today, his advocates argue. News of his death sparked protests across the country and unrest in Baltimore. The year after Gray’s death, the Supreme Court decided 5-3 in Utah v. Strieff to let police use the evidence they’ve collected during unlawful stops in some circumstances. Justice Sonia Sotomayor expressed her dismay at the decision, arguing that the high court has already given the authorities ample opportunity to stop members of the public for little to no reason. She cited Wardlow and several other cases in her dissent. â€Å"Although many Americans have been stopped for speeding or jaywalking, few may realize how degrading a stop can be when the officer is looking for more. This Court has allowed an officer to stop you for whatever reason he wants—so long as he can point to a pretextual justification after the fact.â€Å"That justification must provide specific reasons why the officer suspected you were breaking the law, but it may factor in your ethnicity, where you live, what you were wearing and how you behaved (Illinois v. Wardlow). The officer does not even need to know which law you might have broken so long as he can later point to any possible infraction—even one that is minor, unrelated, or ambiguous.† Sotomayor went on to argue that these questionable stops by police can easily escalate to officers looking through a person’s belongings, frisking the individual for weapons and performing an intimate bodily search. She argued unlawful police stops make the justice system unfair, endanger lives and corrode civil liberties. While young black men like Freddie Gray have been stopped by police lawfully under Wardlow, their detainment and subsequent arrests cost them their lives. The Effects of Wardlow A 2015 report by the American Civil Liberties Union found that in the city of Chicago, where Wardlow was stopped for fleeing, police disproportionately stop and frisk young men of color. African Americans constituted 72 percent of people stopped. Also, police stops overwhelmingly took place in majority-minority neighborhoods. Even in areas where blacks make up a small percentage of residents, such as Near North, where they make up only 9 percent of the population, African Americans comprised 60 percent of people stopped. These stops don’t make communities safer, the ACLU argued. They deepen the divides between the police and the communities they’re supposed to serve.

Friday, May 15, 2020

Online Review Essay - 724 Words

Referrals and recommendations are primary sources of law firm growth, and traditional offline recommendations are still commonplace. However, if lawyers do not pay attention to social media and Google My Business online reviews and testimonials, your firm will remain stagnant while your good standing dwindles. Now is an opportune time to pay attention to the online customers and respond to them. Their word of mouth is paramount to a lawyers future. The Review The approach for online reviews is to create a Google Account to access Google My Business and read reviews customers wrote about you and your firm. With social media sites, search Facebook, Twitter, and Google Plus for reviews connected to your name or law firm. Search†¦show more content†¦Neutral reviews are honest, providing the good and bad of the lawyer and/or firm. Not responding to or ignoring negative and neutral reviews shows potential clients that you dont care about them or the issue. This will turn clients away from you and toward the competition. Generate good publicity by responding to negative feedback. This shows potential clients reviews matter to you and your firm. It saves face to the company and your reputation because you are trying to resolve the situation. The approach to responding, however, should be professional, polite, and brief. Unprofessional behavior such as sparring with reviewers makes lawyers unlikeable. The heated approach keeps the issue in the forefront, bringing mainstream media and additional people into the situation. The unnecessary attention and exposure may lead to irreversible damage to brand image and legal action. Instead, write the review with empathy and sympathy. Apologize for any issues caused on your end and vow to resolve the issue privately. Provide contact info. End the brief by saying comments like yours help me improve and I will try to do better. Taking online reviews offline eliminates escalated online and media mudslinging so the issue can fade and online reputation remains intact. The Ugly Some negative reviews exist due to reviews and testimonials have unfounded claims and exaggerated situations in their review. While some areShow MoreRelatedEssay On Online Review1298 Words   |  6 Pages How Buyer Reviews Affect Your Online Presence Since the birth of the internet, word of mouth has become a powerful tool used by consumers to voice their experience at any given business. What are we talking about? Online reviews! Consumers are using online reviews to tell the world about their experience, good or bad, at your place of business. Therefore, businesses have to be more diligent than ever when it comes to how they treat people. They also need to understand how quickly word of mouthRead MoreOnline Teen Forum Review Essay670 Words   |  3 Pagesindividuals, presumably teens, asking for book recommendations. Other users or staff members of the site give their opinion on what book would best fit the request that the user has made. Occasionally a user will offer their opinion in the form of a book review, although it is informal and still often takes the form of a recommendation. Perhaps the best example is a post from November of last year concerning The Faults in Our Stars. In the post, the author comments on ho w much she enjoys the writing ofRead MoreCan We Trust Online Hotel Reviews? Essay678 Words   |  3 PagesShould you trust online hotel reviews? Imagine you’ve just decided to take a trip somewhere abroad (maybe to Punta Cana in the Dominican Republic?), and one of the first things you do is go online to check which hotels have gotten good reviews. There are countless of websites that serve this purpose and offer information and reviews for any hotel, anywhere in the world. But can you really trust that these reviews are correct? Should you trust them? Perhaps you go to TripAdvisor, which is the world’sRead MoreMy Journey Through English 111999 Words   |  4 PagesDoing peer reviews is something that I had never done before, but I still exceled at it. I feel that I really excelled at the peer reviews and they helped me to do well in the class. The peer reviews were especially helpful during essays and discussions. Peer reviews allowed me to voice my opinion while being able to see the ideas of other people. Reading the ideas of others on the peer reviews sometimes changed my mind or see things from a different viewpoint on certain topics. Writing essays is anotherRead MoreEnglish Composition : Valuable Tools Learned931 Words   |  4 Pagesthe much-needed review of the different forms of essays, to the writing process itself (MindEdge). For me, this was a critical step in my return to writing. Because I had forgotten all the components to each essay, from the reflective essay to the persuasive essay. A review was necessar y for me to comprehend all the different forms of essay writing before I attempted to start composing an essay. Also with the use of MindEdge, I was able to relearn the structure of a proper essay. So much time hadRead MoreEnglish Composition : Valuable Tools885 Words   |  4 Pagesprovided the much-needed review of the different forms of essays, to the writing process itself (MindEdge). For me, this was a critical step in my return to writing. Having forgotten the important details to each essay, from the reflective essay to the persuasive essay. I needed to review and comprehend all the different forms of essay writing before I attempted to start the writing process. Also with the use of MindEdge, I was able to relearn the structure of the essay itself. This too was criticalRead MoreThe Retailing Industry Of The Australia1699 Words   |  7 Pages An Essay on the Retailing Industry of the Australia Kush Mahajan Ekm3050 Introduction This essay will explore the retail industry of the Australia. The nature of the market structure of the retail industry is oligopolistic. There are two major supermarkets in the retail industry of the economy, and they are playing the role of dominant firms of a prevailing price leadership model of the retail industry. Therefore, this analysis will focus on the activities of the two supermarkets in theRead MoreThe Hr Management : The Job Of Human Resource Management1146 Words   |  5 Pagescreate new ideas on their own. Since it is profit oriented they have to reduce labour cost to achieve a greater profit. Its because of the good HR played a vital role in making sure they are well trained to succeed in a given project. (Uk essay, n.d.) (Uk essay, n.d.) 2b. i. Demand forecasting ii. Supply forecasting iii. Reconciliation iv. Audit v. Control (N.nayab, 2010) T/O Guaranty Trust Bank Nigeria GTbank has the highest number of customers due to excellent HR planning. Before now, First bankRead MoreWhat I Learned At The English 110 Essay1125 Words   |  5 Pagesthroughout my research process this year is the use of the writing center and librarians , the online databases, and the moodle forum post allowed me not only to succeed in English 110, but will give me beneficial techniques to use in future papers I will have to write. After receiving the prompt for a reflective research essay three, I began my writing process in a normal direction to starting an essay with simply brainstorming ideas. I started to think about which topic I d be most passionateRead MoreFree Papers992 Words   |  4 PagesIf you are looking for free academic papers such as free essays, free term papers, free research papers, free dissertations, free book reports/book reviews, free essays, free speeches, there exists a chance of being accused of plagiarism. Free papers downloaded from essay databases and essay sites can be easily detected by plagiarism detection systems and sofwares. You can find a lot of resources and sites with databases of free sample papers and free example papers on any topic. You can use these

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Brave Gentlemen And Men Of Science - 967 Words

This lack of maternal instinct is reaffirmed in Stoker’s work in two separate instances: when Lucy lures small children in order to consume them and feed off of their vitality, and in the scene where the Count takes a newborn to be devoured by the three monstrous women. Insatiable, these femme fatales are also responsible for the physical decline of Jonathan Harker; they consume his blood and strength, in a clear allusion to nineteenth-century representations involving the unbridled consumption of female desires and sexuality: â€Å"He is young and strong; there are kisses for us all,† (Stoker 69) celebrates one of the vampires. Here, the heroic capabilities of man are simultaneously admired and undercut. The brave gentlemen and men of science outline typical representations of manhood in their shared eagerness to fight the alien threat of the vampire Dracula and his army of infected humans. However, the group’s shared need for masculinity transforms women into c ommodities, because men’s anxieties are also directed towards homosocial desires, which they fear will develop into a morally corruptive homosexual performance. Signorotti states: â€Å"The only way to eliminate the homosexual threat between men is to include a woman in the relationship† (Signorotti 608). Thus, in Dracula the emphasis on male prowess is inherently anchored in the figure of the female â€Å"angel in the house† and in their ambition to protect women from external threat. For example, the Count is killed throughShow MoreRelatedMusical Therapy: History and Medicine Impact1348 Words   |  5 Pagesforward. For some music has changed their life. They used music as an escape from an abusive relationship, or a drug abuse. Some used it to push forward. They use it to learn to walk or speak through the use of Music therapy. Centuries ago many wise men with bright grey beards and many hours in the day to sit and ponder the cosmos, Greek philosophers’, Believed in using music to help maintain homeostasis with any of their patients. Plato, Pythagoras, and Aristotle were firm believers. Pythagoras wasRead MoreThe Aftermath Of The Suffrage Movement2298 Words   |  10 Pagesthe 1800s. The later oppressed generations of women pushed for equality and were successful. The right to vote and hold positions in office was the goal of the women’s suffrage movement. Without any political rights, the reform took longer because men had to vote for their cause. Decades later in the 1920s, the nineteenth Amendment was passed for women’s legal right to vote. The suffrage movement marked the twentieth century with one of the first victories of democratic civil rights. The controllingRead More Gender Roles Essay2315 Words   |  10 Pagestraining—that the city-state controlled. The agoge taught boys survival and fieldcraft skills as a means to protect the city-state from invasions. Moreover, once a male turned twelve, the men in charge of the training regiment enforced the practice of pederasty (homosexual) because the most important masculine trait for men to possess was the ability to show steadfast loyalty to one’s military unit. This type of male custom had to be performed because the city-state believed this was the only way to ensureRead MoreTenessee Williams The Glass Menagerie1957 Words   |  8 Pagespursuer of the American Dream. He represents the broken promise of the next generation. Amanda was raised in Blue Mountain, far away from the complexity and eccentricity of the 20th century. In her youth, Amanda was a beautiful lady who attracted gentlemen callers; she was what is called a Southern Belle. In narratives, Southern belle is an archetype for a beautiful young woman of the upper class in the Old South . As she longs for her past, she represents the embodiment of nostalgia for the OldRead MoreAnna Haywood s The Maze 2159 Words   |  9 Pagesshort story more influential and relatable to most of the females from then to now. Characters in Love in the Maze could extensively represent most types of females in Eighteenth Century. Most of the topics in the field of humanity and Social Science are mainly discussed under the theory of feminism. In history, females’ right are always be exploited and discriminated; females are shackled and prosecuted by double standards in genders, and their voices are always underestimated and eliminatedRead MoreJohn Ruskin Work10142 Words   |  41 Pagesand must be founded in the future. The manner of the amusement, and the matter of the teaching, which any of us can offer you, must depend wholly on our first understanding from you, whether you think the distinction heretofore drawn between working men and others, is truly or falsely founded. Do you accept it as it stands ? do YOU wish it to be modified? or do you think the object of education is to efface it, and make us forget it for ever ? Let me make myself more distinctly understood. We callRead MoreEssay about Comparing Shakespeare’s Women in Disguise2920 Words   |  12 PagesIn each of Shakespeare’s five plays involving a cross-dressing heroine, he tried something different. He cleverly varied each motif in which each play turned out to have different reactions as well as outcomes. All of the heroines, Julia in Two Gentlemen of Verona, Portia in The Merchant of Venice, and Viola in Twelfth Night, all come from aristocratic and wealthy families, were well-educated and courageous enough to disguise themselves in order to enter the masculine world. â€Å"Adoption of disguiseRead MorePropaganda by Edward L Bernays34079 Words   |  137 Pages62 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PUBLIC RELATIONS BUSINESS AND THE PUBLIC .... PROPAGANDA AND POLITICAL LEADERSHIP 92 WOMENS ACTIVITIES AND PROPAGANDA . . . 115 121 135 141 150 PROPAGANDA FOR EDUCATION PROPAGANDA IN SOCIAL SERVICE . ART AND SCIENCE ..................................................... THE MECHANICS OF PROPAGANDA . . CHAPTER I ORGANIZING CHAOS THE conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democraticRead MoreMasculinity in the Philippines12625 Words   |  51 Pagesnay a cult of masculinity. Recent historical research has explored the ways that rising European states reconstructed gender roles to support military mobilization. To prepare males for military service, European nations constructed a stereotype of men as courageous and women as affirming, worthy prizes of manly males. In its genius, the modem state-through its powerful propaganda tools of education, literature, and media-appropriated the near-universal folk ritual of male initiation to make militaryRead MoreRethinking Mercantalism Essay15042 Words   |  61 PagesThere was very little departure from the broad lines of the policy that had been laid down by the great Lord Burleigh.† English politicians might have differed about many things, but not about political economy. â€Å"Up till the time of Adam Smith, men of all parties in England† shared the same mercantilist principles. â€Å"English public opinion,† Cunningham believed, â€Å"did not set in the direction of laissez faire, until the country had had long experience of the evils of the Mercantile System as

Secrets of Success - 629 Words

As Richard St. John (2005) points out, the secrets of success are remarkably simple. Common sense and old-fashioned wisdom embedded in concepts such as hard work and perseverance are better than any number of complex motivation seminars or expensive programs of self-improvement. This is as true for organizational culture as it is for individual motivation. An organization does not have to spend a lot of money on branded seminars or motivational speakers to encourage their employees to reach their highest potential. Incorporating the eight concepts outlined by St. John (2005) in his TED address entails implementing simple changes. When these simple issues are incorporated into organizational culture, the results may be dramatic. The first of St. Johns eight components of success is passion. To be successful at anything, a person must be passionate. This is also true for organizations. To create a sense of passion in an organization, it is essential to make that passion permeate every personnel member. This means coming up with ways of developing intrinsic motivation among employees. Work with human resources managers to come up with incentive plans that encourage employees to take pride and passion in what they do on a daily basis. The second aspect of success according to St. John (2005) is to be willing to work hard. An organization cannot expect employees to work hard without giving them a reason, which is why passion is tantamount to hard work. When employees areShow MoreRelatedThe Secret of Success1246 Words   |  5 PagesTHE SECRET OF SUCCESS -Khupkhogin Khongsai INTRODUCTION Everyone wants to learn the secrets of being successful in life. There are many people who have achieved success in this world. Success doesn’t come to those who wait†¦.. And it doesn’t wait for anyone to come to it. Most successful men have not achieved their destination by having some new talent or opportunity presented to them. They have developed the opportunity that was at hand. The difference between failureRead MoreSecrets to Success741 Words   |  3 PagesSecrets to success It has been argued in different avenues that the meaning of success is relative. To some it means being rich, having a happy family, having a well paying job, owning a blue-chip company (The list is endless). The best meaning of Success that I have come across is that Success is the completion of anything intended. In other words success is finishing what you planned to do. From this, success doesn’t necessarily mean being number one; it means achieving your target within theRead MoreThe Secret Of A Success992 Words   |  4 PagesThe Secret to a Success The Zappos organization, in my book, is considered scarce in the aspect of customer service. There are little to no company that can even compare to its outstanding and distinguish customer service that they provide. I will be discussing several aspects of the Zappos organization in this paper. Initially, I have dealt with numerous online organizations including small and well established ones, but their customer service paled in comparison to Zappos. For instance, the wayRead MoreWhat Is The Secret To Success?939 Words   |  4 PagesSuccess is everything. However you choose to define the word, there is no denying that is in great demand. If any of those dollar keychains sold at museums are to be believed, once you have success, almost everything else too – fame, wealth, even happiness – is yours. Yet despite all the hype this gateway to all things desirable remains elusive, and how to achieve it is still a mystery to most. However this ad for The Journal Collection of notebooks, which appeared in the Wall Street Journal, wouldRead MoreWho Is The Secret Of Success?1582 Words   |  7 PagesSecondly, Swami Sivananda once stated, â€Å"Put your heart, mind, and soul into even your smallest acts. This is the secret of success† (Swami 25 October, 2015). Provided that, one’s heart composes of two functions, in which one is to pump blood and the other one, is to embody one’s behaviour, emotions, feelings, and personality. Moreover, Andrew displays the capability of controlling his behaviour, emotions, and treats other people appropriately. Throughout the movie, Andrew was able to experience aRead MoreThe Secret to the Success of Amazon1488 Words   |  6 PagesThe secret to success of Amazon is they don’t think like a brick and mortar retail store. For example, placing low cost items near a checkout is proven increase sales. Yet distracting online customers during the checkout process increases process increase cart abandonment and decreases conversion (Severt, 2). It is also important not to have other distractions during the online checkout. At the normal store customers need something to keep them waiting in line. Online however, and recommendationsRead MoreThe Secret Of My Success1710 Words   |  7 Page s Faith Integration James Tompkins, Alisa Ewald, Phoenix Peeler Liberty University George Washington Carver was once quoted as saying: â€Å"The secret of my success? It is simple. It is found in the Bible.† This simple statement should encourage Christians to seek God’s guidance through the Bible in all aspects of their lives. This essay examines how biblical principles can be incorporated into the financial topic of return on investment. The three sections in this paper will help the ChristianRead MoreThe Secrets Of Success Topic1173 Words   |  5 PagesSecrets of Success Topic: How to Make More Money By Bobby Wan | Submitted On January 09, 2008 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Bobby Wan In order to make more money, we need to first understandRead MoreThe Secret of Wal-Marts Success1044 Words   |  5 PagesThe world s largest retailer, Wal-Mart, is moving into Europe, and the UK is its second target after Germany. BBC News Online s Tim Weber looks at the secrets behind the company s success. The figures make the owners of corner shops and small retail chains shudder: Wal-Mart operates 3,601 stores, employs more than 910,000 people world-wide, sales amounted last year to $137.6bn ( £85.7bn) - equivalent to a tenth of Britain s total economic output. Patrick O Connell: The largest retailerRead MoreThe Secret of Starbucks’ Success in China1180 Words   |  5 PagesArticle Review and Analysis ----The Secret of Starbucks’ Success in China The current event article I found tells about the successful marketing strategies that the Starbucks Corporation takes to enter into the market of China, and simultaneously the problems and difficulties it has in the process of market expanding. The Starbucks Corporation is the global leader in specialty coffee consumption. Arising almost overnight from a market in Seattle, Washington, the company today provides quality premium

Reggio Emilia and the EYFS free essay sample

Reggio Emilia approach to early childhood education is based on over forty years of experience in the Reggio Emilia Preschool Centres in Italy. It places emphasis on childrens symbolic languages in the context of a project-oriented curriculum. Learning is viewed as a journey; and education as building relationships with people (both children and adults) and creating connections between ideas and the environment. The Reggio Approach is based on a comprehensive philosophy, underpinned by several fundamental, guiding principles. The child as protagonist, collaborator, and communicator, the teacher as partner, nurturer, guide, and researcher. Cooperation as the foundation of the educational system, the environment as the third teacher. the Parent as Partner and Documentation as communication. Emergent Curriculum: An emergent curriculum is one that builds upon the interests of children. Topics for study are captured from the talk of children, through community or family events, as well as the known interests of children (puddles, shadow, dinosaurs, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Reggio Emilia and the EYFS or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ). Team planning is an essential component of the emergent curriculum. Teachers work together to formulate the possible directions of a project, the materials needed, and possible parent and/or community support and involvement. Teachers as Researchers: The teachers role within the Reggio Emilia approach is complex. Working as co-teachers, the role of the teacher is first and foremost to be that of a learner alongside the children. Within such a teacher-researcher role, educators carefully listen, observe, and document childrens work and the growth of community in their classroom and are to provoke, co-construct, and stimulate thinking and peer collaboration. Teachers are committed to reflection about their own teaching and learning. (Malaguzzi 2013) The Reggio Emilia approach to Early Childhood Education sees the Environment as being the ‘third teacher’ (the first two being parents and staff). This approach is complementary to the EYFS which indicates that: ‘A rich and varied environment supports childrens learning and development. It gives them the confidence to explore and learn in secure and safe, yet challenging, indoor and outdoor spaces’ (DFE 2012) The Reggio approach holds a powerful image of the child as strong, competent and confident. Children are seen as expressing themselves in varied ways known as the hundred languages of children. This also is similar to the EYFS as it suggests; ‘every child is a unique child who is constantly learning and can be resilient, capable, confident and self-assured. ’ (DFE: 2012; 2) â€Å"Making learning visible†; every setting has a portfolio binder to identify and show parents what their child has achieved during the day. It also shows parents and children of what they learn at school, it gives children a sense of accomplishment and practitioners will encourage children towards learning.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

The Relationship between Language and Content in Poetry free essay sample

For this assignment I have selected three poems to analyze the relationship between language and content in poetry. I want toattempt toanalyze the writting styles of three authors, whose work can be found from the book, The Art of Work. The three poems that I have selected are Share Croppers written by Langston Hughes, Factory Worker, written by Jim Daniels, and The Rope, written by Patricia Dobler. These are three poems that caught my eye and I became very interested in. The first poem I read for this assignment was Share-Croppers. This paticular poem seemed to have been written from the viewpoint of a slave who is captioning the hard work that had to be done as a sharecropper. Although this was a very short poem the expression by this author said a lot to capture any readers attention. For example the author gives you a picture as to how the sharecropper was left hungry and ragged afterr plowing away in fields. We will write a custom essay sample on The Relationship between Language and Content in Poetry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By reading this poem you are able to identify that Langston Hughes was very concerned about African American life through the use of certain dialect and terms. As you continue to read this poem over and over you are able to come to a conclusion that the era in which this poem was written goes back to a time after emancipation, when many blacks were forced to work as share croppers not being paid a dime,and where under the authority of white farm tenants. In this poem one starts to get a feelof what it was like to be a black share cropper unable to show any remores because this was a daily routine that took a toll over ever sharecropperss daily life. My next poem Factory Jungle seems to have been written from the viewpoint of a factory worker who is trying to enlighten the fact of being a determined ambitious worker, but also as one who is ready to end a long day at work. Just like many other authors. The author Jim Daniels has written a poem that uses many metaphors to paint a picture of a factory that gives off the idea of being a jungle. For example the author say, Id like to climb one of those ropes of light swing around the presses, welders etc. The language used by this author shows us a picture of a factory swinging freely amongst his work not having a care what so ever. These paticular terms of language enables us to get a physical picture of exactly what the factory worker is doing in the factory to change it into a jungle. Everyone understand that there is no way you are able to climb rope of light or even fly out of factory gates. This only catches the readers attention just the poem sharecroppers did. Keeping the same theme and indentifying the factroy as being a jungle, the author also uses a made elephant to represent the largest presses in the plant and allows us to paint another picture showing us the harm that this big machine could cause if fallen on your hand. In this part of the poem we find that the mad elephant allows us to think about how heavy and dangerous things could be when working around heavy machinery in this paticular factory. The author is being very creative throughout this poem, careful not to bore the reader. Jim Daniels used the correlation of swinging through the plant, then rippping off his coveralls, safety glasses, and ear plugs then pounding his chest and yelling like Tarzan. This again gives us that feeling showing us that this factory worker is feeling very free. Yet and still another picture has beenpainted for us. In my final poem that I have selected, I became silightly thrown off as to what this poem was trying to generate to the reader. Unlike the other two poems I used, this poem hardly used any language and dialect to allow the readers attention to be caught at once. As I read over this poem I figured that the viewpoint of this poem had to be written by a man who was dwelling on things that he could not make of life for him or a loved one and those things were haunting him. I came to this conclusion because the author says, Their vocies still wake me as I woke for years with a rise and fall. The author is not specific as to what she wants or doesnt want us to know. This poem does not paint a picture for me letting me feel and realize what exactly is going on. So by reading these three amazing poem we find many authors use some of the same styles, literary techniques and genres to help relate to readers. While other authors may leave you slightly wondering, and can often open your mind to wonder which can be a very positive matter. I personally relate better to readings that paint a picture allowing me to be side by side to what the author has written. Also while reading Ive found that not all poetic techniques were used but all three authors used something to help you understand the readings.

Saturday, April 18, 2020

Getting Started With Controversial Topics Essay

Getting Started With Controversial Topics EssayA controversial topics essay needs to be written in such a way that it is powerful yet subtle. The topics can be about any topic in the world. You can even choose to write about yourself or your family. And this will make the essay more interesting and more engaging.The first thing you need to do is to identify a topic. A topic can either be a philosophical or a religious matter. But if you really want to be authentic, it would be better to select a theological issue. You can choose to write about the meaning of life or the subject of faith. But be sure that you won't compromise on the formality of the paper.After you've chosen the topic, you can start brainstorming. You must brainstorm ideas so that you can come up with a list of topics which you feel comfortable writing about. But be sure that you don't include topics which are highly controversial. Your essay must be tightly focused.Once you've come up with a list of topics, you can d ecide to write a larger draft before you start with the actual writing. There are many ways to test your topic and check for correctness. If you feel that the topic you've chosen doesn't meet these criteria, you can immediately abandon the topic.You must also think twice before you write your topic. Do you know anything about this topic? Is there any historical or personal information about the topic? Once you are done with the brainstorming, you will be able to identify a topic that you are comfortable writing about.It's also important to always brainstorm your topic. Go online and search for other people's topics. Even if they write about almost the same topic, they will still have different opinions and backgrounds. This is the best way to get more opinions.While writing a controversial topics essay, you can use other resources like movies, TV shows, poems, quotations, quotes, lyrics, jokes, and anecdotes. These types of resources can give you more insight on what type of topics you should write about. But remember to keep it as relevant as possible.Writing a controversial topics essay is not difficult. Just remember to write it properly and not to compromise on your topic. You will also need to edit your work at least a few times until you are satisfied with the final product.

Monday, April 13, 2020

Pride and Prejudice Essays (453 words) - Mr. Darcy, Romance Novels

In fact, Pride and Prejudice was originally entitled First Impressions. However, the novel is not only about first impressions. Although we can find the first impressions about the characters through the first few chapters, this book shows us the effects of those impressions on the individual characters--prejudices of the characters. The story almost evenly describes the defects of Fitzwilliam Darcy who show "pride" at the beginning of the novel; he speaks carelessly and insultingly to Elizabeth Bennet, and George Wickham who deceives others on purpose and conceals his truthless character. Elizabeth misunderstood both of them at first because of her prejudice. At first I have assumed that the title of this novel alludes clearly to Darcy's "pride" and Elizabeth's "prejudice." I also thought that the novel tells how Darcy and Elizabath overcome their pride and prejudice. However, I realize that this over simplifies the author's purpose. We can certainly see that Elizabeth has "pride" as much as Darcy has. She is proud of her intelligence, comprehension and independence. Actually, Darcy's pride disappears quite a bit early in this novel. By chapter 6, he is starting to change his attitudes towards her. He is humbling himself to be close to her. This shows Darcy's change: "But no sooner had he made it to clear to himself and his friends that she had hardly a good feature in her face, than he began to find it was rendered uncommonly intelligent by the beautiful expression of her dark eye" (16 page) "He began to wish to know more of her, and as a step towards conversing with her himself, attended to her conversation with others." From this point, Darcy's prejudice against Elizabeth begins to fade while her prejudice towards him still remains because he refused to dance with her at the ball. Her prejudice spreads throughout the book, and that prejudice is an outcome of her wounded pride. The main subject of this novel is courtship and marriage. Jane Austen, the author of Pride and Prejudice, shows and indirectly criticizes the 18th century England's rural society and the pride of high class through several people's marriages who are in different social position. Although the novel talks about the marriage and courtship, it's main focus is on pride and prejudice that complicates marriage and courtship. This difficulty is apparant in Darcy and Elizabeth's relationship. Elizabeth refuses to take Darcy's hand in marriage at first because she still has her prejudice towards Darcy. The happy ending of this novel suits the novel because it stresses the point that pride and prejudice can be overcome. Hence, nothing in Austin's novel is pointless or distracting from the main theme--pride and prejudice

Wednesday, March 11, 2020

Understanding Percontation Punctuation Marks

Understanding Percontation Punctuation Marks The percontation mark (also known as the punctus percontativus or  percontation  point) is a late-medieval mark of punctuation (ØŸ) used to signal the close of a rhetorical question. In rhetoric, percontatio is a type of affective (as opposed to information-seeking) question, similar to epiplexis. In The Arte of Rhetoric (1553), Thomas Wilson makes this distinction: We doo aske often-tymes, because we would knowe: we do aske also, because we woulde chide, and sette furthe our grief with more vehemencie, the one is called Interrogatio, the other is percontatio. The percontation mark was used (for a brief period of time) to identify this second type of question. Examples and Observations When punctuation was first invented by Aristophanes, librarian at Alexandria in the 4th century BC, he suggested that readers could use middle ( ·), low (.), and high points (Ë™) to punctuate writing according to the rules of rhetoric. Despite this, it took another two millennia before the eponymous rhetorical question got its own mark of punctuation. Worried that his readers would not catch such a subtle figure of speech, in the late sixteenth century the English printer Henry Denham created the percontation mark- a reversed question markto address the problem. . . .Faced with a wave of apathy, use of the percontation mark had petered out within fifty years of its birth. (Keith Houston, 8 Punctuation Marks That Are No Longer Used. Huffington Post, September 24, 2013)The percontation-mark (or punctus percontativus), the standard Arabic question mark, indicated percontations, questions open to any answer or (more loosely) rhetorical questions, in various books of c.1575-c.1625. T his usage seems to have been invented by the translator Anthonie Gilbie or his printer Henry Denham (a pioneer of the semi-colon): roman examples appear in their psalms of Dauid (1581), black letter ones in Turbervilles Tragicall Tales (1587). It didnt catch on in print because, being reversed, expensive new type was needed, but was used by scribes including Crane, who worked on Shakespeares First Folio: so how did compositors set percontation-marks present in their copy but not type-cases? One possibility is that italic or black letter question-marks amid roman type record otherwise unsettable percontation-marks. (John Lennard, The Poetry Handbook: A Guide to Reading Poetry for Pleasure and Practical Criticism. Oxford University Press, 2005) [Henry] Denham seems to have been interested in punctuation, since two of the books he published in the 1580s contain another new, but rare symbol, the percontativus . . .. This consists of a reversed, but not inverted, interrogativus and is used to mark a percontatio, i.e. a rhetorical question, one which does not require an answer. . . . For the most part 16th- and 17th-century authors and compositors either omitted to mark a percontatio, or used the interrogativus, but the percontativus does appear from time to time in the 17th century: for example, in the holographs of Robert Herrick and Thomas Middleton. (M.B. Parkes, Pause and Effect: An Introduction to the History of Punctuation. University of California Press, 1993)

Monday, February 24, 2020

Political Ideology and Voting Behavior in the Age of Jackson Essay

Political Ideology and Voting Behavior in the Age of Jackson - Essay Example The majority of all historical accounts depict President Jackson as a strong and aggressive individual who frequently resorted to bullying as a means of championing the causes of the common man. He has been reputed to have bullied the Indians, the national bank, and the states. Despite his strategic and methodic bullying of others, he is remembered as being responsible for bringing democracy to the â€Å"common† white man and championing one of the most poignant and vigilant suffrage movements of all times. His great favor for the common white man can be directly attributed to his humble beginnings. He was a fairly uneducated individual who received formal education sporadically throughout his formative years but was successful in applying himself to the study of law for a period of two years. As a direct result of this, he became an excellent lawyer and gained acclaim. His fame and fortune were a strong testament to the notion that with hard work and perseverance a common man can achieve success irrespective of his beginnings. This fame and fortune, however, was very costly in that President Jackson were greeted with great hostility by individuals fueled by jealousy. This jealousy resulted in the death of a man at the hands of President Jackson when he attempted to defend the honor of his wife, Rachel. President Jackson went on to become a national war hero when he led a brigade which was responsible for defeating the British at New Orleans during the war of 1812. Despite the fact that he did not win his first bid for presidency in 1824, his candidacy was historical in that he was the first individual to lose an election despite the fact that he amassed the most popular vote.3 He went on to become the seventh president of the United States. Since his election in 1828, he has been depicted as a democrat who has gone above and beyond to represent the common, working people with what became known as Jacksonian democracy. At the heart of Jacksonian democracy is the notion that the lion's share of the power to elect the leaders of the United States should reside with the people and not with the Electoral College or the House of Representatives. This notion was made salient by the 1824 loss he suffered when he won the popular vote and lost the election as a direct result of what he considered to be "corrupt bargain".4

Friday, February 7, 2020

To analyze the historical significance of a figure studied in this Term Paper

To analyze the historical significance of a figure studied in this course - Term Paper Example It is in this regard that Churchill is considered one of the most influential historical figures for courageous political and military leadership. This paper gives a critical analysis of Winston Churchill in line with the past history that influenced his courageous leadership, his influence during his leadership period and how his influence on political and military leadership has extended to the current era. How Previous History Influenced Churchill The leadership skills that Churchill demonstrated were motivated or influenced by his experiences within the military. Churchill attended and was part of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, which culminated the beginning of his career in the military. At the college and later in the military, Churchill’s leadership abilities and skills were obvious. In the year 1901, Churchill entered parliament. At this time he was only 26 years old and his courage and leadership qualities made him to gain significant admiration from members a nd colleagues within his party (Bell 1097). When the Second World War broke out, Churchill was appointed within the Royal Navy as the First Lord of Admiralty. However he resigned from this role after the Dardanelles expedition which was characterized by disastrous incidents. This however did not weaken his spirits. As a result, Churchill rejoined the military and later went back to a political career where he played senior governmental roles within missions in overseas nations. The 1939 breaking out of the war caused Churchill to be reappointed as the First Lord of Admiralty. The resignation of the British prime minster Chamberlain in 1940 was followed by the Churchill takeover as the new prime minister. This officially marked his important role in the political and military reigns within the UK and other parts of the world. His charisma and courage was demonstrated by the fact that he refused to give in to the Nazi Germany. This led to great inspiration to his country and the milit ary in addition to political leaders. Their focus was therefore to stage a retreat and win against the influence of the Germans. An air defense was therefore organized by Churchill which successfully marked the victory in the battle of Britain and Mussolini’s Italy. Italy in return gained the trust of Britain under the leadership of Churchill. It is therefore notable from the historical perspective that Churchill was both a charismatic and influential leader within the political and military reams of Britain and other parts of the world. The Influence of Churchill during his Time Even though Churchill lost his prime minster position in the year 1945, his passion for leadership in politics was not lost. This reveals that he was a determined individual who was focused at achieving his dreams. Because of this determination, Churchill was reelected in the year 1951 as the prime minister of Britain (Dumbrell 35). During his tenure as prime minster, Churchill was an exceptional mil itary or war time leader who served both political and military roles for his country. More importantly, Churchill was a successful literary scholar. This is disclosed by the fact that he started writing his campaign reports early when he was only 24 years old. From the campaign reports, Churchill came up with his first publication in the year 1900. The culmination of Churchill’s achievements and influence in leadership was achieved in 1953 when we was honored with a Nobel Prize for Literature in addition to an

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Early Childhood Special Education Roots Essay Example for Free

Early Childhood Special Education Roots Essay Early childhood special education that is practiced today has a varied and sometimes hard won history. Its roots are entangled in cultural, economic, and idealistic influences; each facet tinged by the colored lens of the times and adding a little glint to modern day practices. The conglomeration of historical theories and practices, political actions and enacted laws has paved the way to modern early childhood special education practices and programming. Just like a child learns and builds on his knowledge and understanding of his environment, so too does the practice of early childhood special education. In its infancy ECSE was not labeled as such, and in fact was simply teaching. Throughout history, many educators have had differing perspectives and opinions on how best to educate children. Many of those ideas and practices have popularly endured, and some have become very small portions of our current systems, or faded into obscurity altogether. One of the earliest models on early childhood education was the Montessori model. The Montessori methods and tools are prevalent in classrooms today, from individualized and sensory programming to didactic learning materials. Other early educators realized that even very young children benefit from instruction. Jean Piaget identified stages of development from birth to adolescence that still assist educators in identifying appropriate modes of teaching. Others like Robert Owen, John Locke and Lev Semenovich Vygotsky theorized that a child’s environment had a profound influence on his/her development and education, giving a foundation for current early intervention strategies in impoverished, urban areas. Vygotsky also gifted to forward generations the theories of the Zone of Proximal Development, scaffolding and ideas about special needs students working in least restrictive environments. All the way from these LRE’s, are the ideas of institutions. The residential school model however is still useful in some ways today. Samuel Gridley Howe and Dorothea Dix implemented supportive, residential schools for children with disabilities, but when the First World War had its grips on the country, the schools deteriorated into holding cells that pervaded until throughout the depression era. Politics and societal situations have always been instigators of change for education. Post World War II, many war veterans returned home with disabilities changing the attitudes and urgency in servicing individuals with special needs, spurring a profusion of financial and program support. Moving into the mid-20th Century, civil rights opened a consciousness about not only race, but also a socioeconomic dichotomy. Project Head Start was federally funded compensatory program, with a focus on aiding the impoverished; it would later evolve into a more comprehensive program for seeking and aiding special needs children and families. Many other programs and studies aimed at supporting young children with disabilities and their families began to appear, including Early Head Start, the Carolina Abecedarian Project and the Perry Preschool Project, among others. These programs and research studies aimed at aiding and reinforcing the importance of early intervention for at risk children. Supporting and preemptively averting the struggles brought on by environmental disadvantages made the transition to special education support logical. With the social climate changing and an awareness of human rights, legislation regarding special needs populations was ripe. Perhaps the greatest catalyst to change was the enactment of PL 94-142 the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1975. The foundations of this public law and the following amendments are the backbone of all special education as we know it today. This law has 6 main areas of concern. First, the right to a free and appropriate public education is bestowed. Throughout the coming decades, interpretation of FAPE comes up in many court cases, each ruling setting precedence for the future. Second, children with disabilities are given the right to learn in the least restrictive environment (LRE) a practice from centuries prior, but with legal backing, changed the model of public schools in this country. An Individualized Education Plan was written into the body of the IDEA, giving specific protocol for supporting the learning of each individual student. This item is the true workhorse of special education classrooms, bringing the student’s goals, objectives and educational plan, the educators, parents and the other support staff together in one document. The fourth premise of the IDEA is the guarantee to guardians of procedural due process, retaining the guardian’s rights regarding notices, evaluations, placements and other educational plans. Unbiased and multiple assessment criteria is the 5th area addressed in the IDEA. Lastly, part of the legislation includes the parents of special needs students, by affording them access to related services that would benefit the student. Related services was and is an area for interpretation, and again, many court cases have been tried and decided creating standards for what qualifies as a related service. Aside from these six main points, the IDEA has outlined much more. IDEA has given us a universal structure for classifying disabilities, and in a 1991 amendment, ruled that an umbrella classification for preschool aged children was acceptable and malleable state to state. This meant that children would not have to be prematurely labeled or stigmatized, when proper assessment was yet to be exacted. This law gave rise to the term â€Å"developmentally delayed†. A preschooler and his/her family could receive services under the classification of developmentally delayed. IDEA has also given individual states the leeway to define and exact methods of determining what developmentally delayed means. While culturally and regionally more specific, this leaves a large range of differences in qualifications across the country. Since its inception, individuals with special needs have reaped many benefits from the laws and boundaries set by the IDEA, but it wasn’t until October 1986 that very young special needs children and their families could be guaranteed services. While grants and incentives for states to serve the preschool population were available, participation in those programs were completely voluntary. The Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments, or PL 99-457, passed in October 1986, mandated that all special needs preschoolers between the ages of three and five be provided with a FAPE . This law was enacted with the purpose of enabling early intervention and a cost effective preventative strategy to serving special populations. Part C of this law also makes services for infants, birth to age two voluntary. Adding preschoolers to the population of compulsory service made the use of IFSP or Individualized Family Service Plans prevalent. These plans are similar to IEP’s except that they comprehensively include the family and give leeway to assigning the role of the service provider, enabling professionals who are most capable of assisting each family to act. Unlike and IEP, the IFSP must be reviewed at least every 6 months, ensuring relevancy with a quickly growing and changing child. Related services including counseling and classes are now extended to family members. By sharing the process and improvement with the preschoolers’ guardians, we are able to see much greater progress with cooperative engagement. Along with the IFSP, PL 99-457 saw the requirement of an Individualized Transition Plan, aiding young adults in making the change into adulthood. Fast forward to 1997, and PL 105-17 made some important amendments to the IDEA. Related services are expanded, developmentally delayed category can be applied up until age nine, parameters and process around discipline is set. Functional Behavior Assessments or Behavior Intervention Plans must be enacted when providing discipline to special education children. Also, assessments for qualifying for special education are expanded, and Child Find reaches into private schools to deliver services to more children. Along with these changes also came a change in funding based on census data versus enrollment data. The percentages served translated to a fixed amount of funding, averting a glut of over qualifying students. Lack of English Language proficiency is excluded as an area of qualification for services. This is important with the rising populations of English language learners. With the number of children from non-english speaking families on the rise, achievement gaps were widening. The No Child Left Behind Act in 2001 was drawn to support impoverished, special needs and English language learners. This act is directly responsible for the Amendments to IDEA that came in 2004. One of the most important changes made was that of aligning the standards of highly qualified special education teachers to the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act. Inclusion of ECE teachers is yet to be enacted, however. The field and study of Early Childhood Special Education is a deeply diverse and ever evolving practice. Past experience has dictated that social climates, politics, events and laws all contribute to the programming of ECSE. The gains have been great, with dramatic increases in the numbers of children and families found and served, but as a nation, we certainly have some more distance to travel. With current legislation and social issues ranging from secure schools to better serving working families, subsidized healthcare, immigration policies or revamping teacher evaluations, the future of Early Childhood Education is unwritten and open to influence.